Know More About Car's Engine Parts

An engine is a machine designed to convert one chemical energy into mechanical energy. Heat engines, like the internal combustion engine, burns fuel to create heat which is then used to do work. Electric motors convert electrical energy into mechanical motion. Just like your body converts food into energy, a car engine converts fuel into motion. The process of converting fuel into motion is called "internal combustion. Engines are used in different areas such as in automotive industries, aircraft industries, marine industries, etc. according to their suitability they are used in different areas.

The classification of the engines depends upon the types of fuel used, the cycle of operation, number of strokes, type of ignition, number of cylinders, the arrangement of cylinders, valve arrangement, types of cooling, etc. Basically, the engines are of two types, they are external combustion engines and internal combustion engines.

1. External combustion engine - In an external combustion engine, the combustion of fuel takes place outside the engine. Example: steam engines.
2. Internal combustion engine - In an internal combustion engine, the combustion of fuel takes place inside the engine. Two-stroke and four-stroke petrol and diesel engines are examples of internal combustion engines. There are two kinds of internal combustion engines. The spark ignition (petrol) engine and the compression ignition (Diesel) engine. Most of these are four-stroke cycle engines, meaning four piston strokes are needed to complete a cycle.

Internal combustion engines (ICE) are the primary transportation mover in today’s society. They are capable of running thousands of miles without giving any problems. Most use a four-stroke cycle but some bikes are of the two-stroke cycle. These engines can run on fuels including petrol, natural gas, diesel, biodiesel, and biogas. They are capable of carrying heavy loads with less effort.

A four-stroke cycle engine is an internal combustion engine that utilizes four piston strokes (intake or suction, compression, power, and exhaust) to complete one operating cycle. The piston makes two complete rotations in the cylinder to complete one operating cycle. An operating cycle requires two revolutions (720°) of the crankshaft. The four-stroke cycle engine is the most common type of engine.

1. Intake Stroke or suction stroke - The intake event is when the air-fuel mixture is introduced to fill the combustion chamber. The intake event occurs when the piston moves from TDC to BDC and the intake valve is open allowing the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder created by the piston movement. The piston when it reaches BDC the intake valve then closes and the air-fuel mixture is sealed inside the cylinder.
2. Compression Stroke - The compression stroke is when the trapped air-fuel mixture is compressed inside the cylinder. This happens when the piston moves from BDC to TDC. Compressing the air-fuel mixture allows more energy to be released when the charge is ignited. Intake and exhaust valves are closed at this stroke.
3. Power stroke - The compression and of the air-fuel vapor in the charge results in an increase in charge temperature and an increase in fuel vaporization. At this stroke, the compressed mixture of air and fuel is burnt by a spark created by a spark plug. With this, the piston is pushed back from TDC to BDC completing power stroke. During the power stroke, both valves are closed.
4. Exhaust Stroke - As the piston reaches BDC during the power stroke, combustion is complete and the cylinder is filled with exhaust gases. The exhaust valve opens, and inertia of the flywheel and other moving parts push the piston back to TDC, forcing the exhaust gases out through the open exhaust valve. At the end of the exhaust stroke, the piston is at TDC.

Whether your engine is making weird noises, misfiring, or overheating, the cause could be one of many issues. Three important things can happen like a bad fuel mix, lack of compression or lack of spark. Beyond that, thousands of minor things can create problems, but these are the big three. Engine problems can be, the car is out of gas, so the engine is not starting. The air intake might be clogged, the fuel system might be supplying too much or too little fuel to the mix. There might be an impurity in the fuel (like water in your gas tank) that prevents the fuel from burning. Your piston rings are worn. The intake or exhaust valves are not sealing properly, again allowing a leak during compression. There is a hole in the cylinder. Lack of spark. The spark might be weak. If the spark plugs or the wire leading to it is worn out. If the bearings that allow the crankshaft to turn freely are worn out, the crankshaft cannot turn so the engine cannot run. If the valves do not open and close at the right time. If you run out of oil, the piston cannot move up and down freely in the cylinder, and the engine will seize. Wrong engine timing. Dirty coolant may cause many issues. If your radiator gets filled with sediment from dirty coolant, then it can cause your engine to overheat. Normally coolant loss is the most common reason for overheating. If your engine is constantly overheating, then the high temperature could cause major damage that can’t be repaired. Prevention is the best treatment, so avoid this damage by ensuring that the coolant is clean and that the cooling system is in good condition for operating. These are some of the common problems but there are many more problems related to engine failure.

There are many tools needed to remove the engine. Some professional mechanics and service centers have engine lifts and air tools that can remove the accessories, engines, and transmission in very less time.

• Set Of Spanners
• Basic Wrench Set
• Engine Lifters
• Set Of A Screwdriver

One of the biggest and most well-known brands for Engine Parts are available with us at Partsavatar.

In an engine, many parts work together to achieve the goal of converting the chemical energy of fuel into mechanical energy. These parts are bolted together and the combination of all these parts is known as an engine.

1. Cylinder Block - Cylinder or engine block is the main body of an engine. The main function of the cylinder block is to guide the piston. For cooling the cylinder block, a water jacket is situated at the outer side of the cylinder. At the upper end of the cylinder block, the cylinder head and at the bottom end crankcase is bolted. Cylinder block material should have high compressive strength. So, it is made by high grade cast iron. It is made by casting and usually cast in one piece.
2. Cylinder Head - The top end of the engine is known as cylinder head. It has intake and exhaust ports which are closed by two valves known as inlet and exhaust valve. The inlet valve, exhaust valve, spark plug, injector, etc. are bolted on the cylinder head. The main function of the cylinder head is to seal the cylinder block and not to permit entry and exit of gases and open and close the valves at a certain time. The cylinder head is usually made of cast iron or aluminum. It is made by casting or forging and usually in one piece.
3. Piston - A piston is fitted in the engine block. It receives gas pressure which has to be transmitted to the connecting rod. It is a prime mover in the engine. The main function of the piston is to give a tight seal to the cylinder through cylinder bore and slide freely inside the cylinder. The piston is made of aluminum alloy and sometimes it is made of cast iron.
4. Piston Rings - To provide a good sealing fit and less friction resistance between the piston and cylinder, pistons are equipped with piston rings. These rings are fitted in grooves that have been cut in the piston. They are split at one end so they can expand or slip over the end of the piston. The four-stroke engine has an extra ring which is known as the oil ring. Piston rings are made of cast iron or alloy spring steel.
5. Connecting Rod - The connecting rod connects the piston to the crankshaft and transmits the motion and thrust of the piston to the crankshaft. There are two ends of the connecting rod; one is known as the big end and the other as a small end. The big end is connected to the crankshaft and the small end is connected to the piston by use of piston pin. The connecting rods are made of nickel, chrome, and chrome vanadium steel.
6. Crankshaft - The crankshaft of an internal combustion engine receives the efforts or thrust supplied by the piston to the connecting rod and converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion of the crankshaft. The crankshaft mounts in bearing so it can rotate freely. The shape and size of the crankshaft depends on the number and arrangement of cylinders. It is usually made by steel forging.
7. Engine Bearing - Everywhere there is rotary action in the engine, bearings are needed. The crankshaft is supported by bearing. The connecting rod is connected to the crankshaft by means of bearing. A piston pin also rides in bearings. The main function of bearings is to reduce friction between these moving parts. The typical bearing half is made of steel or bronze back to which a lining of relatively soft bearing material is applied.
8. Crankcase - The main body of the engine at which the cylinder is attached and which contains the crankshaft and crankshaft bearing is called crankcase. It serves as the lubricating system too and sometimes it is called oil sump. All the oil for lubrication is placed in it.
9. Valves - To control the inlet and exhaust of an internal combustion engine, valves are used. The number of valves in an engine depends on the number of cylinders. Two valves are used for each cylinder one for inlet of air-fuel mixture inside the cylinder and other for the exhaust of combustion gases. The valves are fitted in the port at the cylinder head by use of strong spring. This spring keeps them closed. Both valves usually open inwards.
10. Sparkplug - It is used in a spark-ignition engine. The main function of a spark plug is to ignite the compressed air fuel mixture. It is fitted on the cylinder head.
11. Injector - Injector is usually used in the compression ignition engine. It sprays the fuel into the combustion chamber at the end of the compression stroke. It is fitted on the cylinder head.
12. Camshaft - Camshaft is used in the IC engine to control the opening and closing of valves at proper timing. So, to regulate its timing. The cam exerts a pressure on the valve to open and close. It is driven by the timing belt which gets its drive from the crankshaft. It is placed at the top or at the bottom of the cylinder.
13. Gudgeon Pin Or Piston Pin - These are hardened steel parallel spindles fitted through the piston bosses and the small end bushes or eyes to allow the connecting rods to swivel. It connects the piston to the connecting rod. It is made hollow for lightness.
14. Pushrod - Pushrod is used when the camshaft is situated at the bottom end of the cylinder. It carries the camshaft motion to the valves which are situated at the cylinder head.
15. Flywheel - A flywheel is secured on the crankshaft. The main function of flywheel is to rotate the shaft during preparatory stroke. It also makes crankshaft rotation more uniform.

There are many factors that need to be considered when you are deciding engine replacement. Having regular maintenance could seem to be pricey, but it is also important to keep your car in good working order. Repairing engines will often include everything that it needs to run and sometimes include every sensor, electronic part, and accessory. Engines blocks assembly are the whole engine without the electrical equipment, manifolds, and accessories. Normally, engine replacements will include just the engine block assembly. Removing and refitting the engine block needs about 20 to 25 working hours. Labor costs around $2000 to $2500.

Removing - Changing a car engine is one of the more difficult tasks a home mechanic may ever face, so it's important to utilize a service manual specific to your vehicle. Remove the hood. Drain all fluids from the engine. An engine uses a number of different fluids in regular use and all of it will need to be drained prior to removing the engine. Start with the engine oil, which can be drained through the oil drain plug on the oil. Disconnect the battery, intake, exhaust and coolant lines. Disconnect all the wiring. The more modern the vehicle, the more wiring and sensors you'll often have to contend with when disconnecting the engine. Be careful not to damage the connectors. Unbolt the engine from the transmission. Remove all of the bolts. Disconnect the engine mount bolts. The engine in your vehicle is likely connected by three engine mounts, with the fourth serving as the transmission mount. Either raise or lower the engine with the help of an engine lifter. Check if any connections are pending for removal. Depending on the design of your vehicle, it may be easier to raise the engine out of the engine compartment.

Refitting - Visually inspect the new engine compared to the old. Place the new engine in the engine compartment using the same method you used to remove the old one. If you are lowering the engine into place, carefully lower the engine as you guide it into place. Bolt the engine in place using the engine mounts. When the engine is in place, secure the mount bolts them using wrenches. Make sure to have all three engine mounts connected. Connect the engine to the transmission, using the same bolts you removed from the transmission, connect the new engine to the old transmission. Make sure to connect the engine wiring harness. Depending on the make, year, and model of your vehicle, connecting the engine wiring harness. Fix all the necessary connections, reconnect the coolant lines and all other connections you had to separate when removing the old engine. Install the intake to the air filter and mass airflow sensor. Many coolant lines will require a hand wrench or Phillip’s head screwdriver to tighten over their respective pipes. An engine needs air, fuel, and spark to run so make sure the intake, fuel lines, and electrical system are all installed and intact. When all connections are done then add oil and coolant, add the appropriate amount of oil to the engine. Connect the battery and start the car. Leave it on for15 to 20 minutes to check for any leakage or abnormal noise. Place the hood to the car.